7th Grade Final Exam

7th Grade - FINAL EXAM

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Scientists use prior experience to ____.
a.
collect data
b.
make predictions about what will happen under certain circumstances
c.
analyze their data
d.
serve as a control in their experiments


____ 2. Examples of the skills used in science include ____ and ____.
a.
cholera , E. coli outbreaks
c.
facts , inferences
b.
clues , detectives
d.
observations , measurements


____ 3. Listing what is known about a problem and possible ways to solve the problem are parts of ____.
a.
making a plan
c.
testing a hypothesis
b.
drawing conclusions
d.
eliminating bias


____ 4. A prediction or statement that can be tested is ____.
a.
a conclusion
c.
a control
b.
an observation
d.
a hypothesis


____ 5. Rocks that are produced when magma or lava cools and hardens are called ____.
a.
igneous rocks
c.
sedimentary rocks
b.
metamorphic rocks
d.
all of the above


____ 6. The word metamorphic means ____.
a.
"change of form"
c.
"changed under extreme pressure"
b.
"produced by heat"
d.
all of the above


____ 7. Broken pieces of what types of rock are deposited into layers and cemented together to form sedimentary rock?
a.
sedimentary
c.
metamorphic
b.
igneous
d.
all of the above


____ 8. The rock cycle shows each rock ____.
a.
as it was millions of years ago
c.
on a continuing journey
b.
as it is in recent times
d.
as it was originally formed


____ 9. All of the following conditions help preserve organisms as fossils EXCEPT ____.
a.
quick burial by sediments
c.
protection from scavengers
b.
hard parts
d.
activities of microorganisms


____ 10. If the same sequence of rock layers is observed over a large area, ____.
a.
they are probably not related
b.
a large deposit of rock formed over a large area
c.
conditions of formation were probably very different
d.
it is just a coincidence


____ 11. Materials enter and leave the nucleus through openings in its ____.
a.
organelles
c.
membrane
b.
DNA
d.
chromatin


____ 12. The major function of leaves is to ____.
a.
make food
c.
transport
b.
store food
d.
absorb nutrients


____ 13. As much as 90 percent of the oxygen in our atmosphere is the result of ____.
a.
photoperiodism
c.
thigmotropism
b.
respiration
d.
photosynthesis


____ 14. Photosynthesis is the process in which plants use energy from light to produce ____.
a.
new cells
c.
food
b.
organelles
d.
none of the above


____ 15. When a dog with a bone growls at another dog, it is showing ____.
a.
aggression
c.
social behavior
b.
courtship behavior
d.
none of the above


____ 16. Which of the following is a biotic factor?
a.
sunlight
c.
water
b.
worms
d.
climate


____ 17. Decaying matter found in soil is called ____.
a.
humus
c.
latitude
b.
consumer
d.
elevation


____ 18. During photosynthesis, light energy becomes ____ energy.
a.
soil life
c.
mechanical
b.
chemical
d.
pyramid


____ 19. Which of the following eats consumers?
a.
carnivore
c.
bacteria
b.
herbivore
d.
fungi


____ 20. Nitrogen in the soil is used by ____.
a.
plants
c.
both a and b
b.
animals
d.
neither a nor b


____ 21. As you move upward, from level to level, in an energy pyramid, energy ____.
a.
decreases
c.
stays at the same level
b.
increases
d.
is destroyed


____ 22. ____ usually have less biodiversity than ____.
a.
Small patches of habitat, large areas
b.
Large patches of habitat, small areas
c.
Forests, lawns
d.
Sunny woods, sidewalks


____ 23. A species that once lived on Earth but died out is a(n)____.
a.
threatened species
c.
extinct species
b.
endangered species
d.
captive population


____ 24. One problem with introduced species is that they can ____.
a.
cause acid rain
c.
crowd out captive populations
b.
crowd out native species
d.
cause ozone depletion


____ 25. An increase in CO2 could cause ____.
a.
ozone depletion
c.
water pollution
b.
acid rain
d.
global warming


____ 26. As you move toward the equator, biodiversity ____.
a.
does not change
c.
decreases
b.
increases
d.
becomes less important


____ 27. A growing population puts demands on the land for ____.
a.
food
c.
landfills for trash
b.
living space
d.
all of the above


____ 28. Reduced vegetation on Earth results in ____.
a.
more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
c.
less room for humans
b.
increased habitats
d.
more oxygen in the atmosphere


____ 29. Eroded topsoil may take ____ years to replace in some places.
a.
100
c.
1,000
b.
10
d.
1 or 2


____ 30. A measure of the strength of acid rain can be given using ____.
a.
an acid
c.
a pH scale
b.
a base
d.
all of the above


____ 31. In 1990, diplomats from around the world signed a treaty to completely eliminate the use of ____.
a.
fossil fuels
c.
sulfur dioxide
b.
chloroflourocarbons
d.
none of the above


____ 32. A way for individual citizens to improve air quality is to ____.
a.
reduce industrial pollution
c.
burn trash
b.
take more showers
d.
use public transportation


____ 33. Water pollutants include ____.
a.
pesticides
c.
sediment
b.
fertilizers
d.
all of the above


____ 34. The 1990 Clean Air Act will eventually affect the economy because ____.
a.
factory workers may lose their jobs
b.
coal miners may lose their jobs
c.
workers at coal-burning power plants may lose their jobs
d.
all of the above


____ 35. _____ is the process by which food is broken down so that nutrients can be used by the body.
a.
Absorption
c.
Elimination
b.
Digestion
d.
Ingestion


____ 36. Chemical digestion would not be possible without _____ that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in your body.
a.
enzymes
c.
nutrients
b.
molecules
d.
vitamins


____ 37. Chewing is an example of _____.
a.
absorption
c.
elimination
b.
chemical digestion
d.
mechanical digestion


____ 38. What type of digestion takes place in the mouth?
a.
chemical
c.
both
b.
mechanical
d.
neither


____ 39. What type of digestion takes place in the esophagus?
a.
chemical
c.
both
b.
mechanical
d.
neither


____ 40. Nutrients are absorbed into blood vessels through _____ in the small intestine.
a.
bacteria
c.
insulin
b.
glands
d.
villi


____ 41. A molecule of _____ is made of building blocks called amino acids.
a.
carbohydrate
c.
protein
b.
fat
d.
water


____ 42. _____ are the main sources of energy for your body.
a.
Carbohydrates
c.
Vitamins
b.
Minerals
d.
Water


____ 43. Vocal cords are found in your _____.
a.
bronchi
c.
pharynx
b.
larynx
d.
trachea


____ 44. Lungs are masses of _____, grapelike clusters of tiny sacs.
a.
alveoli
c.
cilia
b.
bronchioles
d.
hemoglobin


____ 45. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the alveoli and capillaries in the _____.
a.
bronchi
c.
lungs
b.
larynx
d.
trachea



____ 46. If this figure showed the major organs for each excretory system, which would not be shown?
a.
the brain
c.
the large intestine
b.
the kidneys
d.
the lungs


____ 47. Which of the following functions does the urinary system perform?
a.
It removes wastes from the blood.
b.
It balances the amounts of salts and water in the body.
c.
It controls blood volume by removing excess water produced by body cells.
d.
All of these.


____ 48. Two bean-shaped _____ are the major organs of the urinary system.
a.
aortas
c.
kidneys
b.
bladders
d.
nephrons


____ 49. Which one of the following carries blood to every part of the body?
a.
blood vessels
c.
lymph nodes
b.
the heart
d.
the ventricles


____ 50. Which of the following shows the correct order of blood flow?
a.
atrium, blood vessel, ventricle
c.
blood vessel, ventricle, atrium
b.
atrium, ventricle, blood vessel
d.
ventricle, blood vessel, atrium


____ 51. How does blood move from arteries to veins?
a.
through the aorta
c.
through capillaries
b.
through the heart
d.
through oxygen


Matching

Match the organ with its location along the digestive tract as shown in this figure.
a.
Anus
e.
Rectum
b.
Esophagus
f.
Small intestine
c.
Large intestine
g.
Stomach
d.
Mouth



____ 52. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 53. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 54. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 55. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 56. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 57. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 58. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

Completion
Complete each statement.

59. Complete Figure 9-1 by inserting the correct terms in the rock cycle diagram.

Figure 9-1

60. ____________________ factors are nonliving.

61. Respiration ____________________ oxygen and ____________________ carbon dioxide.

62. In a food chain, the lowest level of consumers eat ____________________.

63. Overlapping food chains make a food ____________________.

64. Substances with a pH lower than seven are considered ____________________.

65. Substances with a pH above seven are considered ____________________.
7th Grade - FINAL EXAM
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.H.1.3.1

2. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.H.1.3.4

3. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/2
STA: SC.H.1.3.4

4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/2

5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/2
STA: SC.H.2.3.1

6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/3

7. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2
STA: SC.D.1.3.1

8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 6/3
STA: SC.H.2.3.1

9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.F.2.3.4

10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 6/2
STA: SC.D.1.3.1

11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

12. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 7/3
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

13. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/1
STA: SC.G.1.3.4

14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.G.1.3.5

15. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 4/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.7 SC.F.2.3.3

16. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.G.1.3.3

17. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.D.1.3.2

18. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 7/3
STA: SC.G.1.3.5

19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 8/3
STA: SC.G.1.3.4

20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 6/2
STA: SC.G.1.3.4

21. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 9/3
STA: SC.B.1.3.4

22. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.G.1.3.3

23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/1
STA: SC.G.2.3.3 SC.G.2.3.4

24. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 3/1
STA: SC.G.2.3.3 SC.G.2.3.4

25. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 3/1
STA: SC.G.1.3.4 SC.G.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

26. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.G.1.3.4 SC.G.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.3 SC.G.2.3.4

27. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

30. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

31. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 6/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

32. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 6/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

33. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

34. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 6/2
STA: SC.D.2.3.2 SC.G.2.3.4

35. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

36. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

37. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

38. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

39. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

40. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

41. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

42. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

43. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 9/3
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

44. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 9/3
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

45. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 8/3
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

46. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 12/4
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

47. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 11/4
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

48. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 12/4
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

49. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

50. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

51. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2
STA: SC.F.1.3.1

MATCHING

52. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

53. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

54. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

55. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

56. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

57. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

58. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 2/1
STA: SC.F.1.3.1 SC.F.1.3.4

COMPLETION

59. ANS: A. sediment, B. sedimentary rock, C. magma, D. igneous rock

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's II OBJ: 6/3 STA: SC.D.1.3.1 SC.H.2.3.1

60. ANS: Abiotic

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 1/1 STA: SC.G.1.3.3

61. ANS: uses, releases

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 5/2 STA: SC.G.1.3.4

62. ANS: producers

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 8/3 STA: SC.G.1.3.4

63. ANS: web

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 8/3 STA: SC.G.1.3.4

64. ANS: acids

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2

65. ANS: bases

PTS: 1 DIF: Webb's I OBJ: 4/2

Complete Chapter 5 ONLINE REVIEW

Chapter 5 TEST - Online Review

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 1. The liver is one of major organs of the digestive tract.

____ 2. The large intestine is up to 7 meters long.

____ 3. Some vitamins are made by your body.

____ 4. In order to get the nutrients you need, you should eat a variety of foods.

____ 5. Breathing is the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes waste gases.

____ 6. When you exhale, oxygen waste is removed.

____ 7. The excretory system functions as a part of the urinary system.

____ 8. After blood has been filtered in the kidneys, the wastewater, or urine, moves through renal arteries to the bladder.

____ 9. The bladder is an elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body.

____ 10. A person cannot live with only one kidney.

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 11. In which part of the body does ingestion take place?

a.	intestines
b.	liver
c.	mouth
d.	stomach

____ 12. Ari learns that enzymes help break down food in the process of digestion.

From the diagram, what can be inferred about the role of enzymes in digestion?

a.	Enzymes split up molecules.
b.	Enzymes provide energy for cell development
c.	Enzymes remain unchanged during digestion.
d.	Enzymes push unused substances out of the body.

____ 13. Which organ is part of the digestive tract?

a.	esophagus
b.	liver
c.	pancreas
d.	teeth

____ 14. Which substance is secreted in the mouth to help break down starch into sugar?

a.	epiglottis
b.	fats
c.	peristalsis
d.	saliva

____ 15. In which organ does food mix with hydrochloric acid?

a.	esophagus
b.	intestine
c.	mouth
d.	stomach

____ 16. In which foods are amino acids found?

a.	carbohydrates
b.	fats
c.	proteins
d.	sugars

____ 17. Which is a characteristic of unsaturated fat?

a.	usually solid at room temperature
b.	usually a liquid at room temperature
c.	found in meats and animal products
d.	sometimes is water soluble

____ 18. Theresa’s brother is a vegetarian. He eats beans to obtain his protein. What important factor is he missing from his diet?

a.	essential amino acids
b.	incomplete proteins
c.	soluble vitamins
d.	unsaturated fat

____ 19. Laura and James are doing research about how food labels provide the consumer with nutritional information about the ingredients. They read this food label.

How many grams of protein are in two servings of this food?

a.	1.5 g
b.	8 g
c.	31 g
d.	550 g

____ 20. In which respiratory organ are the vocal cords located?

a.	bronchi
b.	esophagus
c.	larynx
d.	trachea

____ 21. What role does the hypothalamus play in the excretory system?

a.	It filters blood that contains waste from the cells.
b.	It eliminates waste gases through the circulatory system.
c.	It regulates salt and calcium levels in the blood.
d.	It monitors the amount of water in the blood.

____ 22. After an afternoon of playing soccer, Mia feels thirsty. She drink some water and feels much better. By drinking water, what is she doing for her body?

a.	getting rid of carbon dioxide
b.	getting rid of extra nutrients
c.	restoring calcium levels
d.	restoring homeostasis

____ 23. Nutritionists use a diagram called a food pyramid to explain the types of food people should eat. Why did they choose the shape of a pyramid to show food choices?

a.	The shape reminds people to eat less food listed on the bottom and more food from the top.
b.	The shape reminds people to eat more food listed on the bottom and less food from the top.
c.	The shape indicates that certain foods should be eaten only on certain days.
d.	The shape indicates that some food groups should be avoided by children.

____ 24. _____ is the process by which food is broken down so that nutrients can be used by the body.

a.	Absorption	c.	Elimination
b.	Digestion	d.	Ingestion

____ 25. Chemical digestion would not be possible without _____ that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in your body.

a.	enzymes	c.	nutrients
b.	molecules	d.	vitamins

____ 26. Chewing is an example of _____.

a.	absorption	c.	elimination
b.	chemical digestion	d.	mechanical digestion

____ 27. Which of the following is not an accessory organ in the digestive system?

a.	gallbladder	c.	salivary glands
b.	pancreas	d.	rectum

____ 28. Which accessory organ is important to mechanical digestion?

a.	liver	c.	gallbladder
b.	pancreas	d.	teeth

____ 29. Which substance in the mouth contains enzymes that help break down food?

a.	esophagus	c.	teeth
b.	saliva	d.	tongue

____ 30. What type of digestion takes place in the mouth?

a.	chemical	c.	both
b.	mechanical	d.	neither

____ 31. What type of digestion takes place in the esophagus?

a.	chemical	c.	both
b.	mechanical	d.	neither

____ 32. The stomach produces _____, a substance that protects the stomach from strong, digestive solutions like acids.

a.	bile	c.	mucus
b.	chyme	d.	saliva

____ 33. Food is changed into chyme in the _____.

a.	esophagus	c.	liver
b.	large intestine	d.	stomach

____ 34. Waves of muscle contractions, called _____, move food through the entire digestive tract.

a.	homeostasis	c.	saliva
b.	peristalsis	d.	villi

____ 35. Most digestion takes place in the _____.

a.	large intestine	c.	small intestine
b.	mouth	d.	stomach

____ 36. Nutrients are absorbed into blood vessels through _____ in the small intestine.

a.	bacteria	c.	insulin
b.	glands	d.	villi

____ 37. Bacteria living in the _____ produce vitamins and break down materials.

a.	large intestine	c.	small intestine
b.	liver	d.	stomach

____ 38. Organic nutrients are nutrients that contain _____.

a.	amino acids	c.	oxygen
b.	carbon	d.	vitamins

____ 39. Which of the following nutrients needs to be digested?

a.	minerals	c.	vitamins
b.	proteins	d.	water

____ 40. A molecule of _____ is made of building blocks called amino acids.

a.	carbohydrate	c.	protein
b.	fat	d.	water

____ 41. _____ are the main sources of energy for your body.

a.	Carbohydrates	c.	Vitamins
b.	Minerals	d.	Water

____ 42. Which of the following nutrients is used for replacement and repair of body cells and for growth?

a.	carbohydrates	c.	minerals
b.	proteins	d.	vitamins

____ 43. Which of the minerals in the figure shown is only required in very small amounts?

a.	calcium	c.	iron
b.	iodine	d.	phosphorus

____ 44. Use the figure shown to determine which of the following foods is high in iron.

a.	apples	c.	fish
b.	milk	d.	steak

____ 45. Use the figure to determine which of the following foods would not give you strong bones and teeth.

a.	cheese	c.	spinach
b.	eggs	d.	raisins

____ 46. Besides calcium, which of the following minerals is used in the largest amounts?

a.	copper	c.	potassium
b.	phosphorus	d.	sodium

____ 47. Which of these nutrients is the most important factor to survival?

a.	carbohydrates	c.	vitamins
b.	proteins	d.	water

____ 48. According to the figure shown, how do you lose most water throughout the day?

a.	exhaled air	c.	skin
b.	feces	d.	urine

____ 49. In the figure shown, which method accounts for about 20 percent of all the body’s water loss in a day?

a.	exhaled air	c.	skin
b.	feces	d.	urine

____ 50. According to the figure shown, you lose about three times as much water through urine than you do you through _____.

a.	exhaled air	c.	skin
b.	feces	d.	urine

____ 51. According to the figure shown, which food group should make up the largest part of your diet?

a.	bread, rice, and pasta	c.	meat and fish
b.	fruits and vegetables	d.	milk, yogurt, and cheese

____ 52. Vitamins and minerals are not found in this figure because the are _____.

a.	all made by your body	c.	found on their own pyramid
b.	found in the different food groups	d.	not that important

____ 53. Which food group in the figure shown provides the least protein?

a.	bread, rice, and pasta	c.	meat and fish
b.	fruits and vegetables	d.	milk, yogurt, and cheese

____ 54. The main function of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the body and remove _____.

a.	carbon dioxide	c.	glucose
b.	dust	d.	oxygen

____ 55. Vocal cords are found in your _____.

a.	bronchi	c.	pharynx
b.	larynx	d.	trachea

____ 56. The _____ is a tubelike passageway for food, liquids, and air.

a.	epiglottis	c.	pharynx
b.	nostril	d.	trachea

____ 57. _____ is the chemical reaction in cells that needs oxygen to release energy and produces carbon dioxide and water as wastes.

a.	Breathing	c.	Inhaling
b.	Exhaling	d.	Respiration

____ 58. Lungs are masses of _____, grapelike clusters of tiny sacs.

a.	alveoli	c.	cilia
b.	bronchioles	d.	hemoglobin

____ 59. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the alveoli and capillaries in the _____.

a.	bronchi	c.	lungs
b.	larynx	d.	trachea

____ 60. When carbon dioxide and other cellular wastes leave the body, they are carried by _____ from the body’s cells and into the lungs.

a.	blood	c.	capillaries
b.	bronchioles	d.	hemoglobin

____ 61. According to the figure shown, smokers are twice as likely to die of _____ than nonsmokers.

a.	chronic bronchitis	c.	heart disease
b.	emphysema	d.	lung cancer

____ 62. According to the figure shown, a woman who smokes is _____ times as likely to die of lung cancer than one who doesn’t.

a.	2	c.	11
b.	5	d.	23

____ 63. Which of the diseases listed in the figure shown are caused by swollen alveoli in the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing?

a.	chronic bronchitis	c.	heart disease
b.	emphysema	d.	lung cancer

____ 64. Asthma, emphysema, and lung cancer would be considered _____ diseases.

a.	digestive	c.	respiratory
b.	excretory	d.	skeletal

____ 65. If this figure showed the major organs for each excretory system, which would not be shown?

a.	the brain	c.	the large intestine
b.	the kidneys	d.	the lungs

____ 66. In the figure shown, which substance is removed by the digestive, respiratory, and urinary system?

a.	carbon dioxide	c.	undigested food
b.	salt	d.	water

____ 67. In the figure shown, the _____ removes excess water, metabolic waste, and salt from the body.

a.	digestive system	c.	skin
b.	respiratory system	d.	urinary system

____ 68. Which of the following functions does the urinary system perform?

a.	It removes wastes from the blood.
b.	It balances the amounts of salts and water in the body.
c.	It controls blood volume by removing excess water produced by body cells.
d.	All of these.

____ 69. Two bean-shaped _____ are the major organs of the urinary system.

a.	aortas	c.	kidneys
b.	bladders	d.	nephrons

____ 70. In approximately _____, all of the blood in your body passes through the kidneys.

a.	5 minutes	c.	1 hour
b.	30 minutes	d.	12 hours

____ 71. Kidneys are made of many _____ that filter water, sugar, salt, and wastes from the blood.

a.	nephrons	c.	ureters
b.	neurons	d.	veins

____ 72. Which of the following correctly describes the movement of wastes through the urinary system?

a.	Kidneys -> Bladder -> Ureter -> Urethra
b.	Kidneys -> Ureter -> Urethra -> Bladder
c.	Urethra -> Ureter -> Bladder -> Kidneys
d.	Kidneys -> Ureter -> Bladder -> Urethra

____ 73. When full, the bladder looks like a _____.

a.	inflated balloon	c.	small bean
b.	long, thin tube	d.	teacup

____ 74. If both kidneys fail, blood can filtered by an artificial kidney machine in a process called _____.

a.	dialysis	c.	excretion
b.	digestion	d.	homeostasis

____ 75. When you breathe, your lungs take in oxygen and remove ____.

a.	air	c.	nitrogen
b.	carbon dioxide	d.	nitrogen dioxide

____ 76. Cellular respiration requires supplying your body’s cells with ____.

a.	oxygen	c.	bone marrow
b.	blood	d.	enzymes

____ 77. The ____ is a tubelike passageway for both food and air.

a.	epiglottis	c.	pharynx
b.	larynx	d.	trachea

____ 78. Within the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between the ____ and the capillaries.

a.	trachea	c.	alveoli
b.	bronchi	d.	diaphragm

____ 79. The ____ prevents food or liquid from entering your trachea.

a.	alveoli	c.	epiglottis
b.	bronchi	d.	larynx

____ 80. People whose ____ don’t work may have to undergo dialysis.

a.	alveoli	c.	kidneys
b.	bladders	d.	lungs

____ 81. When urinary organs don’t work, all of the following occur EXCEPT ____.

a.	kidney damage	c.	accumulation of wastes
b.	homeostasis	d.	salt imbalance

____ 82. A disorder of the lungs called ____ is often an allergic reaction.

a.	asthma	c.	emphysema
b.	chronic bronchitis	d.	lung cancer

____ 83. ____ in cigarette smoke is the greatest contributor to lung cancer.

a.	Hydrogen	c.	Oxygen
b.	Nicotine	d.	Tar

____ 84. The main excretory organs of your body are the large intestine, kidney, lungs, and ____.

a.	heart	c.	pancreas
b.	ureter	d.	skin

____ 85. The organs of your urinary system are ____ organs.

a.	circulatory	c.	skeletal
b.	excretory	d.	respiratory

____ 86. A tube called the ____ leads from the bladder to the outside of the body.

a.	bladder	c.	ureter
b.	nephron	d.	urethra

Completion

Complete each statement.

Unscramble the letters to form the correct word for each definition.

87. tuntrnie—substance in food that provides energy and raw materials amounts ____________________

88. ryalxn—structure to which vocal cords are attached amounts ____________________

89. erhcaat— tube with cartilage, mucous membranes, and cilia amounts ____________________

90. hobirnc— branches of the trachea amounts ____________________

91. iavello— clusters of thin-walled air sacs in the lungs amounts ____________________

92. livil— fingerlike projections in the small intestine amounts ____________________

93. etreurs— tubes that lead from each kidney to the bladder amounts ____________________

94. sliranem— inorganic nutrients amounts ____________________

95. snedyik— major organs of urinary system amounts ____________________

96. rohspnen— filtering units of the kidneys amounts ____________________

97. yemzen— protein that speeds up chemical reactions amounts ____________________

98. derdabl— organ that holds urine until it is excreted amounts ____________________

99. nivimat— organic nutrient needed in small amounts ____________________

Matching

Match the organ with its location along the digestive tract as shown in this figure.

a.	Anus	e.	Rectum
b.	Esophagus	f.	Small intestine
c.	Large intestine	g.	Stomach
d.	Mouth

____ 100. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 101. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 102. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 103. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 104. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 105. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

____ 106. Match the organ with its position in the figure shown.

Match each item with the correct description below.

a.	amino acids	f.	mechanical digestion
b.	villi	g.	minerals
c.	carbohydrates	h.	peristalsis
d.	chemical digestion	i.	proteins
e.	saliva

____ 107. main sources of energy; starches and sugars

____ 108. nutrients that repair and replace body cells

____ 109. subunits of proteins

____ 110. inorganic nutrients that regulate the body’s chemical reactions

____ 111. physical breakdown of food, as in chewing

____ 112. breakdown of food molecules for absorption

____ 113. enzyme-containing fluid in the mouth

____ 114. muscular contractions that move food

____ 115. fingerlike projections in the small intestine

Match each organ with its function.

a.	anus	f.	mouth
b.	esophagus	g.	pancreas
c.	salivary glands	h.	small intestine
d.	large intestine	i.	stomach
e.	liver

____ 116. place where food is ground mechanically into small pieces

____ 117. muscular tube that serves as passageway for food

____ 118. turns food into chyme

____ 119. major portion of all digestion takes place here

____ 120. produces bile

____ 121. make saliva

____ 122. produces substances that stop stomach acid action and enzymes that break down organic nutrients

____ 123. absorbs water from undigested food

____ 124. controls the release of solid waste

Short Answer

125.

Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion of food.

126.

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?

127.

What is an accessory organ?

128.

How does the large intestine maintain homeostasis?

129.

Identify the six kinds of nutrients found in foods.

130.

Explain why fats are necessary nutrients.

131.

Explain the purpose of the mucus membranes and cilia in the trachea.

132.

How is air that enters the nose cleaned and filtered?

133.

Why is smoking is so dangerous to your health?

134.

Explain the dangers of kidney failure.

135. List four diseases or disorders of the respiratory system.

136. List the five major excretory organs.

137. List the four organic nutrients and the two inorganic nutrients.

138. Study the diagram of the respiratory system below. Then label each of the numbered structures.

139. Name the five food groups, and explain the relationship between diet and health.

140. Explain how homeostasis is maintained in the digestive system.

141. List three functions of the urinary system.

Using these tables from a can of yellow sweet corn, answer the following questions. All figures are for a 1/2-cup (118 mL) serving.

Nutritional Information		Percent of U.S. RDA
Protein	2 g		Protein	2
Carbohydrates	18 g		Vitamin A	2
Fat	0 g		Vitamin B1	2
Sodium	280 mg		Vitamin B2	2
Potassium	170 mg		Vitamin C	6
			Phosphorus	4
			Iron	2

142. What tells you that eating corn would not add to your cholesterol level?

143. What two nutrients in corn would help build bones and teeth?

144. What tells you that eating corn would help give you energy?

145. Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks.

The main job of the a). ____________________ is to absorb water from undigested food. In doing so, the body returns large amounts of water to the body and maintains b) ______________. c) ____________________ slows down somewhat in the large intestine. Chyme may stay here as long as d) ____________________ days. During this time, excess water is absorbed back into the bloodstream. The remaining materials, consisting of e) ____________________ and bacteria, become more f) ____________________. Bacteria that live here feed on these undigested materials. This is a symbiotic relationship. The bacteria feed on these materials, and in return they produce several g) ____________________ that you need.

146. Descriptions of four diseases or disorders of the respiratory system are listed in the chart below. Complete the chart by writing the name of the disease or disorder next to its description.

Disorder	Description
	much mucus is produced; coughing harms cilia and bronchial tubes.
	major cause is smoking; leading type of cancer deaths
	wheezing; bronchial tubes contract quickly; often an allergic reaction
	main cause is smoking; alveoli in lungs lose their ability to expand and contract

147. Listed below are five activities of the respiratory system. Give a function of each.

1. cellular respiration

2. inhaling

3. air moves through nostrils

4. air enters the nasal cavity

5. exhaling

148. List three functions of the urinary system.

Essay

149.

Explain the process by which air reaches the lungs.

150. What are enzymes and how do they aid in digestion?

151. Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs.