6th Grade Chpater 9 TEST Review

6th Grade Chpater 9 TEST Review

Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.

____ 1. Matter is the ability to cause change. _________________________

____ 2. Most of the energy resources used to generate electricity are renewable. _________________________

____ 3. Coal begins to form when plants die in a swampy area. _________________________

____ 4. Natural gas is composed of hydrocarbon molecules that are less dense than those in oil. _________________________

____ 5. Oil is found in layers of rock that have become tilted or folded. _________________________

____ 6. Methane hydrates form under low temperatures and low pressures. _________________________

____ 7. Nuclear energy is an alternate energy source produced from atomic reactions. _________________________

____ 8. Geothermal energy is derived from burning organic material such as wood, alcohol, and garbage. _________________________

____ 9. Ethanol mixed with gasoline is called methanol. _________________________

____ 10. Gangue is waste rock that must be removed before a mineral can be used. _________________________

____ 11. Supply and demand affect the value of an ore. _________________________

____ 12. To be classified as an aggregate, the mineral in question must be in demand. _________________________

____ 13. Renewable resources have disadvantages. _________________________

____ 14. Coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy are renewable resources. _________________________

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 15. Amy is preparing a flow chart of how oil is formed.
How should Amy label the rest of the chart?
a.
Heat changes plankton to oil and gas; plankton covers the sediment.
b.
Plankton covers the sediment; heat changes the sediment into oil and gas.
c.
Plankton is crushed by seawater; seawater changes plankton to oil and gas.
d.
Sediment covers the plankton; heat changes plankton to oil and gas.


____ 16. Today, oil and natural gas provide about what percent of the world’s energy supply?
a.
12
b.
25
c.
61
d.
83


____ 17. Which of the following produces electricity through waterpower?
a.
biomass energy
b.
geothermal energy
c.
hydroelectric energy
d.
solar energy


____ 18. Ivan’s teacher asked him to complete a chart about energy resources for the class bulletin board. He has almost finished the chart.
Which two resources should Ivan add to the chart?
a.
fusion, trees
b.
grass, fission
c.
oil, geothermal
d.
radiant, geothermal


____ 19.
Which is a mineral deposit large enough to be mined at a profit?
a.
gas
b.
metal
c.
oil
d.
ore


____ 20. At the dinner table, Rachel sprinkles some salt on her grilled chicken. The table salt she is using is produced from which type of mineral resource?
a.
geothermal
b.
metallic
c.
nonmetallic
d.
hydroelectric


____ 21. In which type of mining are layers of soil and rock above coal removed and piled to one side?
a.
drift mining
b.
slope mining
c.
strip mining
d.
underground mining


____ 22. How does a fossil fuel reserve differ from a fossil fuel resource?
a.
A fossil fuel reserve contains limited amounts of oil and natural gas.
b.
A fossil fuel reserve is the amount of fossil fuels owned by a particular nation.
c.
Fossil fuel resources can always be extracted at a profit using current technology.
d.
Fuel can be extracted from a reserve at a profit using current technology.


____ 23. Each day as he goes to school, Andrew turns off the lights in his room. What is this an example of?
a.
conservation
b.
extraction
c.
recycling
d.
renewing energy


____ 24. What is gasohol made of?
a.
alcohol and oil
b.
ethanol and gasoline
c.
gasoline and methane
d.
methane and water


____ 25. Why is nuclear energy considered to be a nonrenewable energy resource?
a.
A limited amount of uranium-235 is available.
b.
It is very difficult to use uranium-235.
c.
The number of atoms on Earth is limited.
d.
The water used in nuclear power plants is limited.


____ 26. Which is the cleanest burning fuel?
a.
anthracite
b.
bituminous
c.
lignite
d.
peat


____ 27. Where can methane hydrates be found?
a.
below freshwater lakes
b.
in ocean sediment
c.
below large coal deposits
d.
mixed in with oil reserves


____ 28. Fossil fuels include ____.
a.
natural gas
c.
coal
b.
oil
d.
all of the above


____ 29. The most abundant fossil fuel is ____.
a.
natural gas
c.
coal
b.
oil
d.
all of the above


____ 30. ____ is a layer of organic sediment.
a.
Peat
c.
Lignite
b.
Bituminous coal
d.
Anthracite coal


____ 31. A soft brown coal with less moisture is called ____.
a.
peat
c.
lignite
b.
bituminous coal
d.
anthracite coal


____ 32. Compact, black, brittle coal is called ____.
a.
peat
c.
lignite
b.
bituminous coal
d.
anthracite coal


____ 33. The amount of a fossil fuel that can be extracted at a profit using current technology is called a(n) ____.
a.
ore
c.
renewable resource
b.
inexhaustible resource
d.
reserve


____ 34. A thick, black liquid formed from the buried remains of microscopic marine organisms is ____.
a.
gangue
c.
alcohol
b.
oil
d.
none of the above


____ 35. This type of fossil fuel can be pumped from underground deposits.
a.
ethanol
c.
natural gas
b.
oil
d.
B and C only


____ 36. The splitting of nuclei of atoms is called ____.
a.
fission
c.
both A and B
b.
fusion
d.
neither A nor B


____ 37. Materials of low mass are combined to form a substance of higher mass during ____.
a.
fission
c.
both A and B
b.
fusion
d.
neither A nor B


____ 38. Energy from the Sun is ____ energy.
a.
nuclear
c.
solar
b.
geothermal
d.
biomass


____ 39. A ____ farm can be used to generate electricity.
a.
solar
c.
wind
b.
geothermal
d.
hydroelectric


____ 40. Electricity produced by waterpower is ____.
a.
solar
c.
biomass
b.
geothermal
d.
hydroelectric


____ 41. Energy from hot magma is called ____.
a.
magnetic
c.
nuclear
b.
geothermal
d.
hydroelectric


____ 42. Unwanted elements are removed from metals by a process called ____.
a.
mining
c.
smelting
b.
fission
d.
recycling


____ 43. Waste rock that must be removed before a mineral can be used is called ____
a.
ore.
c.
gangue.
b.
methane.
d.
peat.


____ 44. Stable molecules that contain carbon and are formed below sea level under low temperatures and high pressures are called ____
a.
hydroelectric energy.
c.
industrial minerals.
b.
methane hydrates.
d.
mineral resources.


____ 45. ____ is composed of crushed stone or gravel and sand and has many uses in the building industry.
a.
Aggregate
c.
Limestone
b.
Gangue
d.
Ore


____ 46. Materials of low mass are fused together to form a substance of higher mass during ____
a.
smelting.
c.
refining.
b.
fission.
d.
fusion.


____ 47. ____ is a chemical process that removes unwanted elements from the metal being processed.
a.
Fission
c.
Recycling
b.
Strip mining
d.
Smelting


____ 48. The removal of coal that is not close to Earth’s surface through a horizontal opening in the side of a hill or mountain is called ____
a.
slope mining.
c.
drilling.
b.
drift mining.
d.
strip mining.


____ 49. Coal, oil, and natural gas that formed from decaying plants and other organisms over millions of years are called ____
a.
renewable resources.
c.
fossil fuels.
b.
mineral resources.
d.
hydrocarbons.


____ 50. ____ is an example of inexhaustible energy.
a.
Wind energy
c.
Nuclear energy
b.
Reserve energy
d.
Biomass energy


____ 51. Biomass energy is derived from burning organic material such as wood, garbage, and ____
a.
coal.
c.
alcohol.
b.
oil.
d.
natural gas.


____ 52. ____ are compounds containing hydrogen and carbon atoms.
a.
Ores
c.
Methane hydrates
b.
Hydrocarbons
d.
Aggregates


Completion
Complete each statement.

53. Oil is a liquid hydrocarbon that often is referred to as ____________________.

54. Hydrocarbons are compounds containing carbon and ____________________ atoms.

55. Using old materials to make new ones is called ____________________.

56. ____________________ are marine organisms that decay to form petroleum.

57. The ____________________ rock is the rock layer beneath the shale where petroleum and natural gas accumulate.

58. Any material resources not used as fuels or as sources of metals are nonmetallic ____________________.

59. Icelike substances called methane ____________________ may provide tremendous reserves of methane.

60. Solar ____________________ collect energy from the Sun and transform it into electricity

61. ____________________ energy is derived from burning wood, alcohol and garbage

62. A(n) ____________________ is a deposit of minerals that is large enough to be mined at a profit.

63. Inexhaustible and renewable resources are currently used less than _________________________ resources.

64. energy resources that are used faster than Earth processes can replace them ____________________

65. a gas often formed along with oil ____________________

66. type of mine that uses a horizontal opening in a hill or mountain ____________________

67. electricity produced by waterpower ____________________

68. layer of organic sediment ____________________

69. biomass energy comes from burning wood, alcohol, and ____________________

70. oil, natural gas, and coal ____________________

71. resources from which metals are obtained ____________________

72. sources of energy that are constant and will not run out ____________________

73. chemical process that removes unwanted elements from metal ____________________

74. deposits of minerals in large enough amount to be mined at a profit ____________________

75. alternate energy source produced from atomic reactions ____________________

Matching

Match the name of the mineral resource with its definition or common use.
a.
hematite
f.
garnet
b.
limestone
g.
aggregate
c.
silica
h.
gypsum
d.
sylvite
i.
corundum
e.
halite
j.
bauxite


____ 76. potassium fertilizer

____ 77. helps make aluminum

____ 78. made of crushed stone on gravel and sand

____ 79. used to make glass

____ 80. melts ice on roads

____ 81. used to make plaster and wallboard

____ 82. used to make sandpaper

____ 83. used as crushed rock or part of cement

____ 84. an iron ore

____ 85. used in abrasives

Match the type of coal mining with its definition.
a.
open-pit mining
d.
underground mining
b.
strip mining
e.
slope mines
c.
drift mines



____ 86. uses an angled opening and an air shaft

____ 87. layers of rock and soil above coal are removed

____ 88. uses a horizontal opening in the side of a mountain

____ 89. another name for strip mining

____ 90. uses tunnels and pillars of rock for support

Match the source of energy with the correct type of energy.
a.
solar
d.
hydroelectric
b.
nuclear
e.
biomass
c.
electric
f.
geothermal


____ 91. water

____ 92. Sun

____ 93. uranium

____ 94. hot magma

____ 95. wood

____ 96. wind

Match each item with the correct description below. Some items may not be used.
a.
nonrenewable
j.
hydroelectric energy
b.
fossil fuels
k.
geothermal
c.
coal
l.
biomass
d.
oil
m.
mineral resources
e.
natural gas
n.
ore
f.
reserve
o.
recycling
g.
nuclear
p.
lignite
h.
solar
q.
plankton
i.
wind farm



____ 97. oil, natural gas, coal

____ 98. forms in a gaseous state under similar conditions as oil

____ 99. most abundant fossil fuel in the world

____ 100. energy from burning wood, alcohol, or garbage

____ 101. soft brown coal made from peat

____ 102. marine organisms that decay to make oil and natural gas

____ 103. electricity produced by waterpower

____ 104. large enough amount of a mineral that can be mined at a profit

____ 105. resources used faster than Earth can replace them

____ 106. using old materials to make new materials

____ 107. energy source produced from atomic reactions

____ 108. thick, black liquid

____ 109. energy from hot magma

____ 110. a large number of windmills generating electricity

____ 111. energy from the Sun

Short Answer

112.
What are some advantages and disadvantages of solar energy?

113.
Once a month, Patty helps clean up a park by picking up trash. In what ways could doing so both save and produce energy?

114.
List the four stages of coal formation.

115.
List some examples of uses for oil.

116.
Compare and contrast strip mining and underground mining.

117.
Give examples of how to conserve fossil fuels.

118.
List two problems of using nuclear energy with fission.

119.
List some inexhaustible energy resources

120.
What would probably happen to the value of bauxite if its supply suddenly increased?

121.
Describe how hydroelectric energy works.

122.
List two potential problems with burning garbage.

123.
Into what two groups can nonmetallic mineral resources be divided?

124. Complete the table below by writing an X in the appropriate boxes following each fuel or mineral.

Type of mineral
or fuel
Non-
renewable
Renewable
Metallic
Non-
metallic
Industrial
Building
coal






oil






natural gas






methane hydrates






nuclear energy






solar energy






wind farm






hydroelectric energy






geothermal energy






biomass energy






iron ore






limestone






gypsum






garnet








125. Study the following diagram of an oil trap. Then label the diagram with the correct terms from the list.

oil
roof rock
gas
reservoir rock


126. Study the following diagram of percentage of energy resources used in the United States. Then label the circle graph using the correct terms from the list.

coal
natural gas
nuclear
oil
biomass
hydroelectric
geothermal, wind, solar, and other


127. Number the following steps of coal formation in the correct order.

1. Anthracite coal is formed.
2. Peat is formed.
3. Plants decay.
4. Peat changes into lignite.
5. Bituminous coal is formed.

Essay

128. Explain some of the disadvantages of using nuclear energy.

129. Describe how geothermal energy works.

130. Name some materials that you can recycle.
131. Explain why renewable resources are used less than nonrenewab